The Uganda Peoples’ Defence Forces (UPDF) has launched Operation Harmony, a 65-day operation aimed at relocating unregulated cattle herders—commonly referred to as the Balaalo—from Northern Uganda, in accordance with a Presidential directive.
Addressing a press briefing at the UPDF 4 Infantry Division Headquarters in Gulu, Division Commander Maj Gen Felix Busizoori emphasized that the operation seeks to restore law, protect communal land, and reduce land-use conflicts caused by uncoordinated cattle grazing.
“This operation is not about evicting people. It’s about relocating cattle that are not supposed to be here,” said Maj Gen Busizoori. “We are following Presidential Executive Order No. 3 of 2025. No cattle will be allowed to cross Karuma Bridge without veterinary permits.”
Operation Harmony will be implemented in three distinct phases:
- Mobilisation and Sensitisation – Logistics preparation and community awareness;
- Voluntary Eviction – Providing herders with a chance to move peacefully;
- Enforced Eviction – Law enforcement will intervene in cases of non-compliance.
Multiple government agencies are participating in the operation, including the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, Uganda Police Force, National Forestry Authority, local governments, and cultural institutions.
The initiative follows concerns raised in Executive Order No. 2 of 2025 regarding illegal land occupation, blocked water sources, and the breakdown of traditional land-use practices due to unfenced grazing.
Maj Gen Busizoori assured the public that the exercise will be orderly and transparent, with all activities monitored via a centralized Operation Data Centre based in Gulu. He explained that the eviction process will proceed parish by parish and warned against any shortcuts or unauthorized interventions.
“We’ve formed committees to verify land ownership and rental agreements, with legal officers and magistrates handling disputes. Abandoned cattle may be auctioned through a legal process,” he added.
The commander also issued a stern warning to politicians and community leaders not to interfere with field operations.
“Politicians must not accompany field teams. This will ensure neutrality and avoid politicizing the exercise,” Maj Gen Busizoori said. “Field officers must maintain professionalism and avoid emotional decisions.”
He warned that any individual who attempts to sabotage the operation or incite violence will be arrested and prosecuted.
The operation will rely on District Veterinary Officers (DVOs) for oversight. All cattle movements will require documentation from these officials. Media outlets were also urged to report responsibly and rely on verified updates.
Amuru Resident District Commissioner Osborne Ocen backed the initiative and cautioned political figures against stirring public unrest.
“We call on leaders to support this effort and follow the proper procedures. Let’s work together to perfect this process,” said Ocen.
Representing the Inspector General of Police, Commissioner of Police Acaye assured the public of a firm but fair enforcement process. He encouraged residents to remain calm and cooperate with the operation teams on the ground.
The operation, scheduled to run until late August, targets the phased removal of between 150 to 500 cattle per parish to minimize disruption and maintain peace.
